Ups and downs LinuxUnix / Linux

February of this year, from domestic well-known Linux site LinuxAID.com.cn%26#39;s %26quot;LinuxAID 2002 annual top 10 selection of information%26quot; came to an end, after a month%26#39;s selection, %26quot;2002 Top 10 Linux / open source information%26quot; has finally emerged results Surface.
1.IBM of 1 billion U.S. dollars in Linux has basically huge profits: January 30, 2002, IBM server business for the Department announced, IBM has almost recovered it in 2001 for the Linux operating system into the 1 billion U.S. dollars.
%26quot;The world no free lunch%26quot;, IBM to invest heavily in Linux has never been to the so-called %26quot;free software to promote the development of the cause,%26quot; but in order to consolidate its industry position, Microsoft%26#39;s rival culture. Fortunately, IBM unique vision, in a short period of a year to recover 1 billion U.S. dollars of investment. Hard to find a new growth point in China%26#39;s IT industry will not see this news in the domestic launch a Linux-based applications speculation unknown, but IBM%26#39;s profit at least to let people believe that investment in Linux more football than to invest in China The future.
2.Linux has become the world%26#39;s second largest operating system.
Although the desktop software market, Linux can be said that no progress has been made, but in the server market is quite gains, the world%26#39;s second largest server operating system (13.7%).
The first and second, the two seem similar, there are specific to the percentage of poles apart from, let alone desktop operating system Microsoft is almost completely occupied. I hope that Linux will not always %26quot;one person, the 000 people on.%26quot;
3.Red Hat Linux 8.0 available caused a sensation: Red Hat Linux 8.0 release, as the Linux site to download the highest click rate of operating system software.
And whether foreign site, just look at the www.linuxaid.com.cn, www.linuxeden.com Linux, and other famous sites in the Red Hat 8.0 ISO click on the number of downloads, is enough to let us believe that it is indeed a very worthwhile The operating system a try. Landscaping in the interface, the driver support, multi-language support, software diversity, multi-media support, such as the excellent progress in making the courage to let Red Hat directly by the 7.3 version Skip to the 8.0 version of the operating system Linux has become a milestone in the potential. It is worth mentioning that there are domestic linuxfans.org site that is then released on Red Hat Linux 8.0 core systems, to amend the reduction and finished off the Magic Linux operating system.
4.Sun companies to implement the new strategy, strongly supported Linux.
The industry is a big brother to the favor of Linux, perhaps one day, the West homes in the east said the Linux time, Linux will be a cause of achievement.
5. Hewlett-Packard Co. will build the world%26#39;s fastest Linux supercomputer: Hewlett-Packard recently announced that they and the U.S. Department of Energy signed a contract. HP will provide the latter with a Linux supercomputer system, the total value of 24.5 million U.S. dollars.
Despite the super computer is not the major PC makers products, but because of the super computer technology content, are often able to produce super-computer manufacturers so that consumers feel the strength of technology (you should also remember that IBM%26#39;s %26quot;Deep Blue%26quot; World War II the King of Chess Screen point). Perhaps later we can proudly and the fastest Linux supercomputer linked to, but not the best %26quot;高处不胜寒%26quot;.
6.UnitedLinux Union and the Red Hat planes utmost to: UnitedLinux by Caldera, Conectiva, SuSE and Turbolinux four possessions to the common development of Linux standards in the future, software and hardware manufacturers do not have to test a variety of certified Linux version, just in UnitedLinux Platform to carry out testing and certification, will help software makers develop more on Linux software applications, can also speed up the UnitedLinux and hardware between the testing speed. But the important Linux vendor Red Hat did not join the UnitedLinux alliance.
Although the UnitedLinux alliance official said is because of the time, there was no time, but the Red Hat Linux market to dominate the party in the case, joined UnitedLinux Union may not be beneficial to Red Hat, the Linux open-source advertised a free spirit and commercial interests, It seems that both loyal and filially pious or difficult. Competition will progress, a double %26quot;-%26quot; can utmost, but not evolution of dual %26quot;Bear%26quot;, not a lose-lose, otherwise the only Touxiao the Microsoft.
7.Torvalds announced that a new generation of the Linux kernel available by June next year!
The father of Linux Linus Torvalds recently to the outside world that a new generation of Linux kernel development of some of the information. He is expected to June 2003, people can see the new version of the core products.
Look forward to in……
8.10, Samba, 10 %26lt;BR%26gt; legend when we turn the calendar in 2002 when, Samba also ushered in his 10-year-old birthday. In early 1992, Samba%26#39;s first experimental version available, it is the father of Andrew Tridgell.
Some people say, IT industry is the most rapid changes in one of the industries. Inside the circle in the IT, if anything Nengcheng on 10, it is a very powerful role. Samba, a network of Linux neighbors function similar to Windows software, it is because of the, Linux can freely share files with Windows and printers. It is set up for each Unix network sharing, network management tools necessary, but also set up quite cumbersome. Currently developers are working to develop 3.0 version of the product. It is said that the new product code than the beginning of the expanded version of the 100 times! Of course, many new features, let us look forward to the advent of version 3.0!
9.Lindows the name, Microsoft lost the first trial!
Washington, DC, U.S. District Judge rejected Microsoft%26#39;s decision to ban the sale of Lindows software Lindows.com proceedings, but this was set up to allow the company to soon sell its Lindows software.
Microsoft was so angrily this is not the word Lindows and Windows somewhat similar, but their software can run on a cheap compact operating system, Microsoft is a huge suspected to have several hundred MB of expensive operating system on whether there Value. Unfortunately, before the law, Caidaqicu deliberately look for the Microsoft bifurcation only defeated Mr City.
10.Mozilla 1.0 %26lt;BR%26gt; official version was finally released after more than three years of hard work, Mozilla has issued a formal version of Mozilla1.0.
Mozilla functionality and ease of use in such areas has surpassed Netscape, the use of Linux as a large number of browser. Very fast, powerful, with HTML 4.0 standard web pages and Chinese support was very good. Intended to create the Xiaoqiaolinglong the Mozilla browser to later because of the integrated e-mail, web editor, and so on a number of functions and become increasingly large, it is very much in line with the Mozilla icon image of a dinosaur. But everyone accepted the criticism, Mozilla browser, author of the separation of functions alone, so a bath Restored Phoenix browser. It is worth mentioning that it is Windows, Mac and Linux versions, recommended by the inertia of the IE you try.
2002 can be said that Linux Chunfengdeyi year, the major manufacturers of Li Peng, numerous outstanding efforts of programmers and users at large with the support of more powerful and better spent. In this free and free software camp grew up in the small penguins absorbed UNIX, BSD, Windows and other operating system and the advantages of rapid growth, even before it has ignored the existence of companies such as Microsoft and Sun had no choice but to put it seriously As a competitor to carry out a strategic plan. Perhaps from the Linux operating system become Dudangyimian need to be given time, there are still a lot in front of danger, but any case, Linux, wind and rain, let us together before the trip!
(Some reviews since LinuxAID.com.cn hereby thank Reply)

On a floppy disk LinuxUnix / Linux

■ Liulin-can - With a constantly updated version, Windows is also growing in size. Because of work requirements, we have to find a portable strong, and can be with you, simple, easy-to-use operating system. Windows is basically impossible to accomplish this task. Finally one day, I found a floppy disk can be installed under the system ─ Mclinux, it from the hands of the Chinese people, full of Chinese language interface, cordial and useful. MClinux small file software version: 2.02 software size: 1.86 M
The nature of the software: Free software platform: Linux
URL: http://www.newhua.com/cfan/200413/MClinux202.zip Software features:
★ workpiece can be network stations, can visit the web site, site maintenance, handling letters.
★ do HTTP + CGI (can be encrypted directory), FTP, TELNET server.
★ a router, firewall functions, in LAN Internet, dial-up Internet Modem support, but also can be set into the function, support ADSL broadband Internet dial-up.
★ can use hard drives, floppy drives and.

%26lt;BR%26gt; Mclinux into a floppy disk will be the first step: downloading the document, entitled MClinux202.zip, the solution will shrink to any folder, such as C: \ linux. Restart the computer using Windows 98启动盘启动into DOS interface, insert a blank floppy disk, from the command prompt access to %26quot;A:, then enter the following command switch to the C: \ linux directory:
A: \ c:
C: \ cd linux
Step 2: Enter the %26quot;2 m%26quot; orders, allowing the system to support the 2 MB floppy disk. Then, enter %26quot;2 mf a: / m%26quot; order a floppy disk formatted for a maximum capacity of 2 MB (under different brand floppy disks that may be the numerical 1886 KB, okay, to continue).
Step 3: Enter %26quot;syslinux-sa:%26quot; Orders can be guided to become a computer diskette the startup disk.
Step 4: Enter the following command will be copied to floppy disks in the system:
copy syslinux.cfg a:
copy zimage a:
copy mclinux.img a:
Step 5: In the BIOS settings floppy disk equipment for the first start, with just created the guide MClinux floppy disk system, the middle will be prompted to %26quot;Please insert the disk and configuration MClinux%26quot; Y %26quot;, or press the Enter%26quot;, launched the first direct Enter. Then enter %26quot;root%26quot; sign, then all the systems have been put into memory, enter an order %26quot;cce%26quot; into the Chinese system.

Modem Internet %26lt;BR%26gt; with the first step: remove MClinux diskette, put a blank floppy disk, the use of %26quot;mkfs.ext2 / dev/fd0%26quot; order for the ext2 formatted floppy disk format or %26quot;mkfsdos / dev/fd0%26quot; order Formatted into dos format.
Step 2: Enter the command %26quot;mclinux.conf%26quot; into the system configuration (see Figure 1), choose %26quot;1%26quot;, enter into the PPP dial-up network configuration (see Figure 2), which will be the %26quot;PHONE, ACCOUNT, PASSWORD%26quot; 3 - Item, corresponding ISP into the Internet number, user name and password.



The third step: %26quot;Modem_DEV = ttyS1%26quot; according to their occupation of the Modem com mouth changes (Note: You can open the Windows Device Manager Show Modem occupied COM mouth, if it is com1 will be replaced ttyS0, will be replaced if com2 ttyS1, etc.). Then press %26quot;ctrl + x%26quot; key combination, and %26quot;y%26quot; to exit (Note: access to targeted, according to %26quot;ctrl + x%26quot;, a %26quot;SAVE: Ynl%26quot; tips, %26quot;y%26quot; that saved, %26quot;n%26quot; is not preserved ).
Step 4: enter the DNS settings, will provide ISP services to fill in the DNS %26quot;namesever%26quot; behind. (Note: Most areas can be used directly, a few areas need to set up their own)
Step 5: Press %26quot;8%26quot; will be set up into the newly formatted floppy completed in the next re-boot the system when it can no longer set up. The %26quot;9%26quot; withdraw from the system configuration, %26quot;ppp-on%26quot;, Guo Yihui, even on the network, %26quot;clinks%26quot; into the Chinese browser (see Figure 3, where the author has done a number of Chinese sites Connection Wizard, you can One choice of site), or by Esc key points %26quot;File → Go To URL%26quot; enter a URL. %26quot;Clinks%26quot; is the character browser, it can only display text messages.
Tip ★ If you want to disconnect the network will enter an order %26quot;ppp-off%26quot;.
★ default open web services, when the Internet, to other machines type http:// (MClinux system IP), will be able to see the default home page. Use of the system clinks see results. In addition, this system also joined the dynamic domain name server of the client, server set up to facilitate. Using FTP function
MClinux in the system has been activated automatically open the service and FTP client orders, need to follow the steps below.
The first step: setting the directory can be downloaded: download files to create a district Mapping (here the first hard drive to the first district as an example) %26quot;mkdir / mnt/hda1%26quot;, then %26quot;mount%26quot; an order to mount Download Hard zoning documents, %26quot;mount dev/hda1 / mnt/hda1%26quot;.
Step 2: Set log of users: MClinux default is anonymous (anonymous) sign, you can mclinux.conf, changes.
Step 3: from the long-range aircraft carrier designated documents to the local machine: Enter the %26quot;ftp open long-range aircraft enter the address of the user name and password get long-range aircraft for the local paper documents.%26quot;
Step 4: from the local transmission of documents to the designated long-range aircraft: Enter the %26quot;ftp open long-range aircraft enter the address of the user name and password pub%26#39;s local paper documents long-range aircraft%26quot;
Step 5: Even from the network and other machinery on the importation of ftp://10.70.1.1/ file name (my computer%26#39;s IP) MClinux system can be downloaded from the document.
Thanks: In writing this before Gao Jian, the author of MClinux also the only forum, in the written decision when it encountered a lot of difficult problems, difficult in the southern part of the country when they justify the generous help and other netizens, The author expressed his heartfelt thanks to them.

Ten Mistakes understand Linux difficult to break Microsoft's desktop monopoly » Unix / Linux

From: Pconline Author: millet Judging from the current situation, it seems that there is no Linux or other open-source products to be immediately competitive threat to Microsoft%26#39;s desktop products market share.

In this week by Gartner sponsored a %26quot;client OS and Office%26quot; seminar, Gartner analyst Michael Silver of one that just because Linux is free on that %26quot;Linux low-cost%26quot; is wrong; Prevent the open source office software in the business world is the main obstacle to the use of compatibility and accuracy problems.

%26quot;You can not all users will be immediately transferred to the StarOffice / OpenOffice.org, you have to retain some Microsoft Office, you should take into account a number of minority enterprises%26#39; isolation %26#39;of the people,%26quot; Silver said.

When someone asked whether the Macintosh in the current system is better than the Linux desktop options, Silver that is possible, since it has been a Mac version of Office, and it has a more intuitive user interface. But Silver also said that now is also a commercial and corporate customers closer attention to desktop Linux and StarOffice / OpenOffice.org, %26quot;because we are now a better understanding of what Longhorn will bring, and how it is formidable,%26quot; he said.

Longhorn will see the minimum user privileges (LUA) the concept of ordinary users will no longer receive management, application will not cause a system crash. Longhorn will also bring us a better search capabilities, better classification methods and search for documents.

Silver said, %26quot;Linux users to play the mainstream business desktop platform%26quot; that have passed its peak, the real configuration of the enterprises use more slowly, so %26quot;we now need to reflect on the real problems are.%26quot;

Silver told the audience that must be treated with caution heard of any of the Linux desktop argument, because the existence of the 10 errors, which are:
? Linux than Windows is much more low-cost, because StarOffice / OpenOffice.org can replace Microsoft Office;
? Linux is free;
? Linux world not mandatory upgrade;
? Linux can significantly reduce management staff;
? Linux management tools are readily available, so its total cost of ownership (TCO) than Windows low;
»Applications are free or very cheap;
»Skills can transfer between;
«The use of Linux, the longer the life cycle of hardware, or the old hardware can also use;
? Linux should be in Microsoft%26#39;s enterprise agreement expires immediately configuration;
? Linux Desktop for a %26quot;full, or owned, all or no%26quot; option;

Speaking at the Microsoft Office, Silver said that as many customers have signed an agreement with Office of the enterprises, if the new version of Microsoft Office 12 in the Office XP release after more than three years before the launch, some of these customers may not be upgraded, this will cause A lot of anguish and discontent. And after the Office 13 may be introduced in the release of WinFS, as it may use to some of these features and performance.

%26quot;The biggest problem is whether Microsoft is willing to launch new version of Longhorn at the same time launched Office, the majority of users want to update the Windows upgrade at the same time the new version of Office,%26quot; Silver said.

%26quot;So, Office 12 is what« I do not know, %26quot;he said. %26quot;Microsoft is not too much talk about this, because they hope that you will continue to purchase the current version, but I expect in Office 12, Outlook will change the larger search capability will be increased, better XML support, more Multi-user business applications on things. %26quot;

As for the Windows operating system, Silver said that while Microsoft%26#39;s commitment to support each version of Windows 10 years, but this does not mean that users need to use it so long. In the autumn of 2004 a client operating system in the survey, Gartner found in the United States, 60 percent of users are still using Windows 2000 as a desktop system. However, because of desktop and notebook upgrades are continuing, so XP is still optimistic about the prospects.

Microsoft will continue to support Windows XP to 2013, while Windows 2000 will continue to support 2010. As most people will use at least four years of its desktop and notebook computers for at least three years, Gartner predicts, will start from the 2008 purchase of Longhorn machines, but Silver does not necessarily mean that they think this will be a period of time while supporting several Version of Windows.

%26quot;We have many customers want to skip Windows XP, which is not uncommon, especially in the pharmaceutical industry, because they need time to verify the application and operating system compatibility with legal requirements,%26quot; Silver said.

Silver cited the four who do not also upgrade to Windows XP customers may consider upgrading the reasons:
«They can reduce the reliance on the support of Windows 2000;
«They can reduce the Longhorn release date of dependence;
»Leisurely they can begin to upgrade to Longhorn;
? Windows XP SP2 improving security;

However, those plans Skip directly to purchase new Windows XP system, the new machines, also some work to do:
To ensure that independent software vendors (ISV) will support Windows 2000 until 2011;
There are contingency plans to deal with the key procedures needed for Windows XP;
Published in the beta version of Longhorn when it began a serious test, especially beta2 version;
ISV to ensure that they are in the Longhorn release within 12 months of support;

%26quot;Also, you need to do a good job in 2010 before the completion of all Windows 2000 users upgrade the work of the budget,%26quot; Silver said.

Finally, Gartner does not encourage users to skip the first edition of Longhorn to wait for possible support of the new WinFS file system in the new version.

Linux father of the betrayal of allies to expose the dark side of open-source Unix / Linux

From: Pconline Author: nah From 1993 onwards, Larry McVoy has been Linux is the father of Linus Torvalds one of the most loyal allies. But the experience of these years later, McVoy began to believe that such a popular open-source, HP and IBM have been such big companies used by the business model is not sufficient to generate enough money to support the truly innovative software development . %26quot;Open source as a business model, individually, it is quite unrealistic.%26quot; BitMover founder and CEO of McVoy said. BitKeeper The Linux software development tools, this is the San Francisco-based company%26#39;s products. McVoy understanding of the open-source, no less than the planet on any one person. Although his products BitKeeper is not open-source programs, but from 2002 to 2005, McVoy has been free for open source programmers to use it. But to July this year, he will stop this practice. McVoy said that in order to support Torvalds and the programmer, spending nearly a year to 500,000 U.S. dollars. Open-source advocates have been urging McVoy %26quot;open source%26quot; his product, which is the process of open source code, so that the whole world can be free to use it. But McVoy said, an innovative use of open source software companies to maintain their own business model, is an impossible thing. %26quot;We believe that if we open-source our products, our company will collapse within six months,%26quot; McVoy said. %26quot;(Enterprises can continue to survive) the bottom line is, you must be a group of well-trained staff to establish a financially sound companies. All staff have expressed satisfaction with their salaries. If all things are free, how do I Nengzheng Enough money to continue to develop products and provide you support it » Open-source products are usually distributed free of charge, because a person can copy things to the money is unlikely. So, how can we make money with open source code? » Some companies, such as Red Hat, Linux and free distribution to users through the sale of service contracts to obtain income. %26quot;One of the problems service model is that it is based on the concept: you to the user is a pile of waste ─ ─ because if you can run the software provided to a good customer, then the significance then what is it?%26quot; McVoy said. %26quot;Another problem is that the model can not generate sufficient revenue to support the next generation of innovative products create. Red Hat has been good business for a long time ─ ─ so far has been 10 years. Can you tell one from the company%26#39;s development To have significant innovative products? »%26quot; Be sure, some open-source companies can succeed in revenue and even (possibly) profit. But they do not have a company with sufficient income to do some real innovation, in the Sun, Silicon Graphics and Google has developed the operating system software McVoy said. %26quot;Open source enterprises can gather together enough resources to replace its staff of engineers work. This is very simple, but it is only a substitute engineers to create new jobs rather than the cheap means something. If the whole world 100% open source, Innovation will go to zero. I hate open-source who said these things, but it is a fact. %26quot; Torvalds did not agree with McVoy said the revenue in real terms in the past. %26quot;Open source is not actually a commercial interest in establishing on the basis of. Commercial interests are secondary.%26quot; Torvalds said. %26quot;Those %26#39;Da Kuaitou%26#39; accession, in this project has been proven over %26#39;Da Kuaitou%26#39; own things to do even better after the same thing. Therefore, do not fall into the %26#39;open source is built on a commercial basis on%26#39; the trap. %26quot; However, McVoy said that the open-source advocates did not realize that the development of new software requires a large amount of trial and error, this means a lot of money invested. Unless the software company can sell the software to make money rather than distributing it out, or software companies will not do this investment. %26quot;The development of innovative software products need to spend a lot of money. You need to have a business model allows you to recover the money. This argument is now and unwelcome. All the things everyone wants to become free. They said, %26#39;You evil is a businessman, you do not know its significance.%26#39; But I am not an evil person, I am famous in the open source community, but they in no one can tell me, how can we build a software development Studio, rather than revenue from the income of access to finance. I think that it is impossible to do. %26quot; In addition, despite the open-source software may be %26quot;free%26quot;, but sometimes you prefer to pay some of the. McVoy said, %26quot;is to open-source software as a tool for doctors and hospitals gave you the framework plan, and then you say, %26#39;Hey, if you suffered a heart attack, these are the tools you need ─ ─ it%26#39;s free.%26#39; I would rather pay Qingren Lai take care of me. %26quot; McVoy also noted that the open source phenomenon seems to be true, but in fact it is relying on hardware manufacturers ─ ─ those who would like to increase revenue as a selling point to attract customers to buy hardware products business ─ ─ behind the scenes support. %26quot;No one is willing to recognize that support for open source development funds by 80% to 90% from non-open source in their own enterprises. If these enterprises extricate manufacturers leave, there are sufficient funds to support open source?» Will be the direction of innovation »Government will invest in it» price too high for these employees. %26quot; If hardware manufacturers to stop the support of open source, even such popular Linux operating system will also be great challenges. %26quot;This will have dramatic pace of development of Linux harm, like going to explode like a nuclear bomb.%26quot; McVoy said. McVoy said that he believes in open-source software industry and the traditional software companies reached a balance. Revenue will develop a similar type of low-margin commodity products. And commercial software developers will develop innovative products and earn more profits.

Super-simple to install! Mandriva Linux 2006 Beta1Unix/Linux-IT universal knowledge and information website

From: Pconline Author: SOSO compiler Mandriva Linux (formerly Mandrake Linux) is a friendly interface for the operating system, it%26#39;s easy to use in the home / business and the server. It has several languages, can be used in most countries. It is also a pre-configured graphical Linux operating system, it is easy to install, easy to use and have good stability. With KDE, Gnome, AfterStep, Window Maker, IceWM, such as graphic panels. Fully compatible with Red Hat applications (RPM packages). You will not have to spend a few hours so that those graphic panels to operate: Just installed Mandriva Linux, all can operate. Click here to download Mandriva Linux 2006 Beta 1.